Executive Committee
An executive committee is applicable to any organization that has several branches of authority. In this case, an executive committee would serve as the overall supervisor, the ones whose approval is required before proceeding to do or perform a particular task. For example, a school organization may have several committees such as logistics, secretariat, marketing and promotions, and leading all of them would be the executive committee.
Executive committee, aside from overseeing the functions of the subcommittees a particular organization has, also serves as the representative of a particular organization to other organizations. They are the public faces, they deal with outside questions and they deal with the misbehaviors of their members.
Executive committees are also often the judges of political cases among an organizations members, they are the ones who dole out punishments and provide incentives. In the same vein, they are also the ones who determine which people to include in their organization, and are often consulted for membership recruitment, and delegation of tasks. They are also responsible for keeping the organization with a good reputation, and keeping the quality of work up to standards.
To summarize, executive committees are the overall leaders in the organization with the most number of privileges and decision-making leeway and also the most responsibilities.